Fig. 1.

Cognitive pathology is dominated by a general factor of cognitive functioning. (A) Neuropsychological test results for all patients (see Fig. S1 for the combined patient and control data set). The color code indicates deviations from the age and education norm in SDs. Both axes have been sorted by the percentage of overall negative performance, as shown in the margins. (B) Test name sizes scaled by the loadings of the first principal component for the combined patient and control dataset (spatial positioning is arbitrary). This component explained 56.9% of the overall variance in test performance and is referred to as cognitive efficiency in all subsequent analyses. (C) Component scores of the first principal component for all study participants. Group means are indicated by the colored bars at the ordinate.