Table 3.

Lists relevant studies in the field of cognitive control emotion interactions in healthy children and adolescents and pediatric mood and anxiety disorders.

First author	Year	Sample size	Gender	Method	Cognitive control paradigm/task	Emotional/motivational stimuli	Main point
STUDIES IN HEALTHY DEVELOPMENT AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES
Jazbec et al.	2006	53	m/f	beh	Antisaccade	Reward vs. no reward	Reward ↑ performance in both groups; incentives modulate incorrect antisaccades in adolescents
Kohls et al.	2009	65	Boys	beh	Go–no-go task	Reward vs. no reward	Reward (social and non-social) ↑ inhibitory control
Tottenham et al.	2011	100:53 kids 24 adol. 23 adults	m/f	beh	Emotional go–no-go task	Eckman and Friesen faces	Improvement in cognitive control and emotion regulation across age groups
Hare et al.	2008	12 + 24 + 24	m/f	fMRI	Emotional go–no-go	NIMSTIM	Age moderates emotional processing during no-go task
Ladouceur et al.	2009	31 (HA) + 26 (LA)	m/f	beh	Emotional face n-back task	NIMSTIM	High anxious participants had slower RT on fearful n-back task; this effect was increased in younger relative to older participants
Visu-Petra et al.	2010	60	m/f	beh	Emotional odd-one-out task	NIMSTIM	High anxious (rel. to low anxious)showed slower RT and ↑ errors to happy faces but improved performance to angry faces
STUDIES IN PEDIATRIC MOOD AND ANXIETY DISORDERS
Dickstein et al.	2007	26 + 33 + 33	m/f	beh	Set-shifting task	–	Bipolar relative to controls impaired on some set-shifting abilities
Hardin et al.	2009	25 + 25	m/f	beh	Antisaccade	NIMSTIM emotion + monetary reward	ANX improved antisaccade latency to fear faces; controls improved latency to happy faces
Jazbec et al.	2005	28 + 11 + 12	m/f	beh	Antisaccade	Reward vs. no reward	Altered latency patters of incorrect antisaccades across groups
Ladouceur et al.	2005	17 + 16 + 24 + 18	m/f	beh	Emotional n-back task	Child friendly IAPS face or scene?	MDD + co-morbid AXN/MDD longer RT during negative vs. neutral background; controls longer RT during positive background
Ladouceur et al.	2006	23 + 19 + 26	m/f	beh	Emotional go–no-go task	Eckman and Friesen	Changed go RT during emotion trials in ANX/DEPR groups
McClure et al.	2005	34 + 18	m/f	beh	Flanker, stop, stop–change, CPT, face labeling	–	Deficits in cognitive control and emotion processing (same study but different expts.)
Mueller et al.	2010b	20 + 23	m/f	beh	Antisaccade	Reward vs. no reward	Reward improved performance in controls but not bipolar group
Rich et al.	2007	35 + 21 + 26	m/f	ERP	Affective Posner task	Rigged feedback	Reduced P3 amplitude in bipolar relative to control group during negative feedback
Britton et al.	2010	15 + 20	m/f	fMRI	Set-shifting task	–	Controls showed higher activation than OCD in left IFG in mixed vs. single blocks
Carrion et al.	2008	16 + 14	m/f	fMRI	Blocked go–no-go task	–	Control: ↑ activation in left MFG; early stress: ↑ activation PTSD in cuneus, IOG, ACC
Huyser et al.	2010	25 + 25	m/f	fMRI	Tower of London task	–	Control > OCD during planning relative to control in IFG and parietal lobe
Leibenluft et al.	2007	26 + 17	m/f	fMRI	Stop-signal task	–	Control > bipolar on correct vs. incorrect stop trials in vlPFC
Mueller et al.	2010a	12 + 21	m/f	fMRI	Stop–change task	–	Early stress ↑ activations in fronto-striatal circuitry
Nelson et al.	2007	25 + 17	m/f	fMRI	Stop–change task	–	Bipolar >  control in dlPFC in change relative to go trials
Singh et al.	2010	26 + 22	m/f	fMRI	Go–no-go task	–	Bipolar > control in dlPFC in no-go – no

Abbreviations as in Table 1.