Table 2.

Nonexhaustive list of bacteria that cause disease in febrile neutropenic patients, with their usual sites of development

		Site of infection
Gram-positive bacteria
	Coagulase-negative staphylococci	Bloodstream infections, catheter-associated sepsis
	Viridans group streptococci	Bloodstream infections, endocarditis
	Enterococcus faecium Enterococcus faecalis	Bloodstream infections, endocarditis
	Stomatococcus mucilaginosus	Bloodstream infections, catheter-associated sepsis
	Pediococcus species	Urine and bloodstream infections
	Corynebacterium jeikeium	Endocarditis, catheter-related bacteremia, cutaneous lesions, and nodular pulmonary infiltrates
	Lactobacillus species	Bloodstream infections endocarditis, meningitis, intraabdominal abscesses, and pneumonia
	Rhodococcus equi	Suppurative pneumonia with pulmonary abscesses and empyema
	Clostridium septicum	Metastatic myonecrosis, typhlitis
Gram-negative bacteria
	P. aeruginosa	Pneumonia, bloodstream infections
	Escherichia coli, Klebsiella species, Enterobacter	Bloodstream infections, catheter-associated sepsis, and pneumonia
	Stenotrophomonas maltophilia	Pneumonia, bloodstream infections
	Alcaligenes xylosoxidans and Burkholderia cepacia	Catheter-associated sepsis
	Capnocytophaga species	Bloodstream infections in bone marrow transplant recipients
Anaerobes
	Fusobacterium nucleatum	Bloodstream infections, ulcerative pharyngitis, and nodular pulmonary infiltrates due to septic emboli
	Leptotrichia buccalis	Bloodstream infections with extensive mucosal involvement in severely immunosuppressed patients
Mycobacteria	Mycobacterium chelonae Mycobacterium fortuitum	Pneumonia, disseminated infections