Table 2.

Sample Statistics of dependent and Explanatory Variables

	Male					Female					Full
Variable	Malay	Chinese	Indian	Other-Bumi	All	Malay	Chinese	Indian	Other-Bumi	All	sample
Dependent variables
MetS-1	0.28	0.31	0.43	0.20	0.29	0.30	0.30	0.44	0.31	0.31	0.30
MetS-2	0.36	0.42	0.44	0.34	0.37	0.34	0.35	0.46	0.35	0.35	0.36
Obese	0.42	0.50	0.66	0.31	0.44	0.59	0.54	0.74	0.59	0.59	0.53
High BP	0.46	0.49	0.34	0.45	0.46	0.39	0.38	0.32	0.38	0.38	0.41
High FBG	0.30	0.20	0.43	0.34	0.30	0.28	0.24	0.40	0.27	0.28	0.29
High TGL	0.49	0.54	0.56	0.48	0.50	0.34	0.34	0.38	0.24	0.33	0.40
Low HDL	0.34	0.41	0.36	0.39	0.36	0.41	0.45	0.52	0.47	0.44	0.41
Continuous explanatory variables
Education	8.31	8.61	8.58	6.83	8.14	7.87	7.95	6.47	5.92	7.48	7.76
	(4.04)	(3.86)	(4.41)	(5.11)	(4.26)	(4.32)	(4.47)	(4.41)	(4.99)	(4.51)	(4.42)
Age (years)	45.00	45.00	44.01	42.24	44.47	42.89	45.18	43.14	40.63	43.03	43.63
	(10.52)	(10.58)	(9.48)	(10.82)	(10.54)	(10.42)	(10.18)	(9.28)	(10.78)	(10.39)	(10.47)
Monthly house-hold income (RM)	1542.36	2536.17	2133.77	1194.06	1712.61	1471.91	2252.78	1386.19	1194.82	1572.45	1630.80
	(1640.45)	(2260.74)	(1661.11)	(1412.15)	(1791.93)	(1457.10)	(2149.05)	(1435.23)	(1301.45)	(1624.64)	(1697.33)
Binary explanatory variables (yes=1, no=0)
Family historyb	0.55	0.57	0.77	0.37	0.54	0.56	0.55	0.59	0.48	0.55	0.55
Rural residence	0.53	0.34	0.34	0.69	0.51	0.54	0.31	0.23	0.67	0.49	0.50
Unmarried	0.10	0.17	0.10	0.14	0.12	0.15	0.12	0.16	0.11	0.14	0.13
Malay					0.58					0.57	0.58
Chinese					0.18					0.19	0.19
Indian					0.08					0.10	0.09
Other-Bumi					0.16					0.14	0.15
Other variables used in analysis
BMI (kg/m2)	25.02	24.42	25.53	24.10	24.80	26.39	24.61	27.69	25.08	25.99	25.50
	(4.86)	(5.14)	(4.07)	(4.60)	(4.82)	(5.94)	(5.43)	(6.94)	(5.02)	(5.90)	(5.51)
Waist circum-ference (WC)	87.32	89.07	92.12	84.46	87.55	84.01	83.46	90.11	82.93	84.35	85.68
	(11.53)	(11.73)	(8.85)	(9.98)	(11.29)	(11.54)	(11.72)	(14.50)	(10.33)	(11.88)	(11.74)
Sample size	569	179	77	160	985	793	261	134	193	1381	2366

^aStandard deviations in parentheses.

^bFamily history denotes that an immediate family member has been diagnosed with any of the following: hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular heart disease, stroke or sudden death.

MetS-1, metabolic syndrome according to International Diabetes Federation guidelines; MetS-2, metabolic syndrome according to National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines; BP, blood pressure; FBG, fasting blood glucose; TGL, triglycerides; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; RM, Ringgit Malaysia; BMI, body mass index.