Table 2.
Postprandial (PP) metabolic measures (mean ± SEM) following three meals differing in fat type (n = 10)
| Time point | Area under | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Measure | Baseline | 1 h PP | 2 h PP | 4 h PP | 6 h PP | the curve |
| Glucose (mmol/L)*a | ||||||
| O3FA | 5.9 ± 0.3 | 6.7 ± 0.5 | 6.1 ± 0.5 | 5.7 ± 0.3 | 6.2 ± 0.5 | 36.4 ± 2.0 |
| SFA | 6.2 ± 0.5 | 6.2 ± 0.7 | 6.4 ± 0.6 | 5.9 ± 0.5 | 5.9 ± 0.4 | 36.5 ± 3.0 |
| MFA | 5.8 ± 0.2 | 6.2 ± 0.5 | 5.4 ± 0.3 | 5.7 ± 0.2 | 5.9 ± 0.2 | 34.4 ± 1.3 |
| Insulin (mU/L)*b | ||||||
| O3FA | 12.6 ± 3.8 | 54.8 ± 14.8 | 43.4 ± 10.9 | 16.4 ± 3.2 | 11.5 ± 1.9 | 171 ± 36 |
| SFA | 8.9 ± 1.2 | 46.9 ± 11.9 | 29.0 ± 6.2 | 10.7 ± 1.0 | 9.8 ± 2.3 | 126 ± 20 |
| MFA | 11.5 ± 2.2 | 40.2 ± 10.5 | 33.1 ± 8.3 | 18.6 ± 4.4 | 14.7 ± 4.3 | 148 ± 34 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) †* c | ||||||
| O3FA | 1.49 ± 0.45 | 1.79 ± 0.45 | 1.61 ± 0.40 | 1.92 ± 0.38 | 2.28 ± 0.59 | 11.08 ± 2.52 |
| SFA | 1.42 ± 0.38 | 1.34 ± 0.27 | 1.24 ± 0.26 | 1.63 ± 0.30 | 1.65 ± 0.30 | 8.83 ± 1.69 |
| MFA | 1.82 ± 0.63 | 2.27 ± 0.66 | 2.25 ± 0.58 | 2.41 ± 0.59 | 2.79 ± 0.74 | 13.97 ± 3.68 |
| Non-esterified fatty acids (mmol/L)*d | ||||||
| O3FA | 0.33 ± 0.05 | 0.17 ± 0.04 | 0.10 ± 0.02 | 0.20 ± 0.02 | 0.39 ± 0.05 | 1.27 ± 0.15 |
| SFA | 0.37 ± 0.06 | 0.10 ± 0.02 | 0.08 ± 0.02 | 0.21 ± 0.03 | 0.39 ± 0.05 | 1.22 ± 0.15 |
| MFA | 0.29 ± 0.05 | 0.15 ± 0.06 | 0.14 ± 0.05 | 0.20 ± 0.02 | 0.32 ± 0.04 | 1.21 ± 0.20 |
O3FA = omega 3 fatty acid enriched meal, SFA = high saturated fat meal, and MFA = high monounsaturated fat meal
† Effect of treatment p < 0.05, MFA > SFA
* Effect of time p < 0.05
a 1 h PP > all other time points
b 1 h PP > all time points, 2 h PP > all except 1 h
c baseline < all PP time points
d baseline > all time points except 6 h PP