Figure 5. The activation of CaN and CamKII critically depends on the rate at which contractions are produced.

[Ca²⁺]_i record from 20 Hz continuous stimulation (A) and the same representative 500 ms tetanic [Ca²⁺]_i record given at 1 s (B) and 32 s (C) intervals were used as input to the mathematical model (Tavi et al. 2003, 2004; Aydin et al. 2007). The lower part shows the activities of CaN and CaMKII predicted by the model.