Table 1.
Properties of the MMP and ADAMTS family members
| Members | Alias | Activators | ECM targets | Other targets |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MMPs (23 members) | ||||
| Basic domains (prodomain + catalytic domain + hemopexin-containing ancillary domain) | ||||
| MMP-1 | Collagenase-1 | MMP-3, -10, plasmin, kallikrein, chymase | Collagens I, II, III, VII, and X; gelatins; aggrecan; entactin; tenascin; perlecan | IGFBP-2, -3, -5; pro-IL-1b; CTGF; MMP-2, -9 |
| MMP-3 | Stromelysin-1 | Plasmin, kallikrein, chymase, tryptase | Aggrecan; decorin; gelatins; fibronectin; laminin; collagens III, IV, IX, and X; tenascin; perlecan | IGFBP-3; pro-IL-1b; HB-EGF; pro-TGF-β; CTGF; E-cadherin; plasminogen; uPA; pro-MMP-1, -7, -8, -9, -13 |
| MMP-8 | Collagenase-2 | MMP-3, -10, plasmin | Collagens I, II, and III; gelatins; aggrecan; | |
| MMP-10 | Stromelysin-2 | Plasmin, kallikrein, chymase, tryptase | Aggrecan; fibronectin; laminin; collagens III, IV, and V | Pro-MMP-1, -8, -10 |
| MMP-11 | Stromelysin-3 | Furin, plasmin | Fibronectin; laminin; aggrecan; gelatins | IGFBP-1 |
| MMP-12 | Metalloelastase | n.d. | Elastin; aggrecan; fibronectin; osteonectin; laminin; nidogen | Plasminogen |
| MMP-13 | Collagenase-3 | MMP-2, MMP-14, plasmin, kallikrein, chymase, tryptase | Collagens I, II, III, IV, IX, X, and XIV; aggrecan; fibronectin; tenascin; SPARC/osteonectin; laminin; perlecan | CTGF; pro-TGF-β; MCP-3 |
| MMP-21 | XMMP | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. |
| MMP-27 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | |
| Minimal domains (prodomain + catalytic domain) | ||||
| MMP-7 | Matrilysin-1 | MMP-3, -10, plasmin | Aggrecan; gelatins; fibronectin; laminin; elastin; entactin; collagen IV; tenascin; decorin | β4 integrin; E-cadherin; pro-TNFa; CTGF; HB-EGF; RANKL; IGFBP-3; plasminogen, MMP-1, -2, -9 |
| MMP-26 | Matrilysin-2 | n.d. | Gelatin; collagen IV; fibronectin; fibrinogen; vitronectin | Pro-MMP-9 |
| MMPs with fibronectin-domain inserts | ||||
| MMP-2 | Gelatinase A | MMP-1, -7, -13, -14, -15, -16, -24, -25, plasmin |
Gelatins; collagens IV, V, VII, X, and XI; fibronectin; laminin; elastin; aggrecan | Pro-TGF-β; FGF receptor I; MCP-3; IGFBP-5; pro-IL-1b; galectin-3; plasminogen |
| MMP-9 | Gelatinase B | MMP-2, -3, -10, -13, plasmin | Gelatins; collagens III, IV, and V; aggrecan; elastin; entactin; vitronectin; N-telopeptide of collagen I | Pro-TGF-β; IL-2 receptor a; Kit-L; IGFBP-3; pro-IL-1b; ICAM-1; galectin-3; plasminogen |
| Membrane-bound MMP anchored by GPI or a transmembrane domain (TM) | ||||
| MMP-14 | MT1-MMP (TM) | Furin | Collagens I, II, and III; gelatins; aggrecan; fibronectin; laminin; fibrin; | pro-MMP-2; pro-MMP-13; CD44; MCP-3; tissue transglutaminase |
| MMP-15 | MT2-MMP (TM) | Furin | Fibronectin; laminin; tenascin; nidogen; aggrecan; perlecan | Pro-MMP-2; tissue transglutaminase |
| MMP-16 | MT3-MMP (TM) | Furin | Collagen III; fibronectin; gelatin | Pro-MMP-2; tissue transglutaminase |
| MMP-17 | MT4-MMP (GPI) | Furin | Gelatin; fibrinogen | n.d. |
| MMP-24 | MT5-MMP (TM) | Furin | Fibrin, gelatin | Pro-MMP-2 |
| MMP-25 | MT6-MMP (GPI) | Furin | Gelatin; collagen IV; fibrin; fibronectin; laminin | Pro-MMP-2 |
| ADAMTSs (19 members) | ||||
| Hyalectanases | ||||
| ADAMTS-1 | METH1, KIAA1346 | n.d. | Aggrecan, versican | n.d. |
| ADAMTS-4 | KIAA0688, aggrecanase-1, ADMP-1 | n.d. | Aggrecan, brevican, versican, fibronectin, decorin | n.d. |
| ADAMTS-5 | ADAMTS-11, aggrecanase-2, ADMP-2 | n.d. | Aggrecan, versican, brevican | n.d. |
| ADAMTS-8 | METH2 | n.d. | Aggrecan | n.d. |
| ADAMTS-9 | KIAA1312 | n.d. | Aggrecan | n.d. |
| ADAMTS-15 | n.a. | n.d. | Aggrecan | n.d. |
| ADAMTS-20 | n.a. | n.d. | Aggrecan | n.d. |
| Procollagen N-peptidases | ||||
| ADAMTS-2 | Procollagen N- proteinase | n.d. | Processing of procollagens I, II, and III N-propeptides | n.d. |
| ADAMTS-3 | KIAA0366 | n.d. | Processing of procollagen II N- propeptides | n.d. |
| ADAMTS-14 | n.a. | n.d. | Processing of procollagen I N-propeptides | n.d. |
| Others | ||||
| ADAMTS-13 | vWFCP, C9orf8 | n.d. | von Willebrand factor | n.d. |
| n.d. | n.d. | |||
| ADAMTS-7 | n.a. | n.d. | Cartilage oligomeric protein | n.d. |
| ADAMTS-12 | PRO4389, AI605170 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. |
| ADAMTS-6 | n.a. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. |
| ADAMTS-10 | n.a. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. |
| ADAMTS-16 | n.a. | n.d. | Aggrecan | n.d. |
| ADAMTS-17 | FLJ32769, LOC123271 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. |
| ADAMTS-18 | ADAMTS-21 | n.d. | Aggrecan | n.d. |
| ADAMTS-19 | n.a. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. |
MMP, matrix metalloproteinase; ECM, extracellular matrix; IGFBP, insulin-like growth factor binding protein; n.d., not determined; CTGF, connective tissue growth factor; TGF-β, transforming growth factor-β; uPA, urokinase plasminogen activator; HB-EGF, heparin-binding epidermal growth factor; SPARC, secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine; TGF, transforming growth factor; XMMP, extensible messaging and presence protocol; pro-TNFa, tumor necrosis factor; RANKL, receptor activator of NF-κB ligand; FGF, fibroblast growth factor; ICAM, intercellular adhesion molecule; TM, transmembrane; GPI, glycosylphosphatidylinositol; n.a., not applicable.
Data in table was primarily adapted from references Ghajar et al. (2008),Page-McCaw et al. (2007), Raffetto and Khalil (2008), and Shiomi et al. (2010). Much of the knowledge regarding MMP and ADAMTS proteolytic activities is based in vitro assays and is yet to be confirmed in vivo.