TABLE 12.

Nutritional interventions to ameliorate mild- to moderate malnutrition in HIV-infected adults¹

		Receiving ART		Complicated advanced HIV, comorbidities (eg, opportunistic infections, malignancies)
Level of malnutrition	Not eligible for ART2	Initiate ART	Stable ART
No overt malnutrition (local BMI standards and weight stable)	Assess and address food insecurity, nutrition assessment and counseling (dietary quality/diversity) to encourage and maintain good nutrition
Mild-moderate [BMI (in kg/m2) <18.5, BMI >16]	Comprehensive assessment and counseling and outpatient targeted nutritional therapy	Comprehensive assessment and counseling and outpatient targeted nutritional therapy	Ongoing monitoring and outpatient targeted nutritional therapy	Comprehensive assessment and counseling and targeted nutritional therapy
Severe (BMI <16 or symptomatic overt malnutrition)	Intensive therapy, nutritional recovery
Overweight (BMI >25–30) or obese (BMI >30)	Assess and address food insecurity, nutrition assessment and counseling (dietary quality/diversity, encourage physical activity when feasible) to encourage and maintain good nutrition

¹Data are from references 28 and 29.

²ART, antiretroviral therapy.