Table 1.
Examples of histone modifications resulting in transcription activation or repression
| Histone | Amino acid residue | ||
| Acetylation | H2A | K5, K9, K13 | Activating |
| H2B | K5, K12, K15, K20 | Activating | |
| H3 | K9, K14, K18, K23, K56 | Activating | |
| H4 | K5, K8, K13, K16 | Activating | |
| Methylation | H3 | K4, K36, K79 | Activating |
| K9,1 K27 | Repressing | ||
| R17, R23 | Activating | ||
| H4 | R3 | Activating | |
| K20 | Repressing | ||
| Phosphorylation | H3 | T3, S10, S28 | Activating |
| Y41 | Activating | ||
| Ubiquitination | H2B | K120 | Activating |
| Sumoylation | H4 | K5, K8, K12, K16, K20 | Repressing |
| Biotinylation | H4 | K8, K12 | Repressing |
1
H3K9me3 can in some cases be an activating mark (23).