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An NK cell can express KIR3DL1 alone, KIR3DS1 alone, both receptors, or neither. KIR3DL1 is an inhibitory receptor and has been shown to interact with HLA-Bw4-80I and with HLA-Bw4-80T. KIR3DS1 is an activating receptor and may interact with HLA-Bw4-80I, possibly through an indirect mechanism. An NK cell can be activated to lyse an infected cell via either the activating of KIR receptor signaling or the dampening of inhibitory KIR activity.
