Table 1.
The percentage change in the plasma TGF-β1 level.
| Group | BT-BL (%) | AT-BL (%) |
| SX | 11.7±5.64 | -0.75±11.08 α |
| VC | -46.7±3.68* | -67.4±4.53*,# |
| CEE | -34.8±5.92* | -18.7±8.08 α |
BT-BL, percentage change before treatment; AT-BL, percentage change after treatment. SX, sham-operated (vehicle normal saline, six weeks); VC, ovariectomized control (normal saline, six weeks); CEE, ovariectomized + estrogen (conjugated equine estrogen 100 µg/kg/day, six weeks); n = 10.
#
Significant difference when compared with the BT-BL within the same group (p = 0.045).
*
Significant difference when compared with the sham group (p<0.001).
α
Significant difference when compared with the AT-BL of the VC group (p = 0.001).