Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of Cardiovascular Health Study participants without diabetes or history of stroke (n=3,442)*
| ← More insulin resistant | Less insulin resistant → | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quartiles of Gutt insulin sensitivity index (mg·L2/mmol·mU·min) |
||||
| Characteristic, mean (SD) or % | 25.8 to 47 (n = 843) |
>47 to 60 (n = 874) |
>60 to 77 (n = 862) |
>77 to 218.2 (n = 863) |
| Age, y | 72.9 (5.7) | 72.8 (5.6) | 72.7 (5.6) | 72.1 (5.3) |
| Male sex, % | 44.1% | 38.9% | 38.5% | 47.3% |
| Black race, % | 4.0% | 3.2% | 5.1% | 3.9% |
| Fasting glucose, mmol/L† | 5.8 (0.5) | 5.6 (0.5) | 5.4 (0.4) | 5.3 (0.4) |
| 2-hr glucose, mmol/L† | 9.2 (1.0) | 7.7 (1.0) | 6.5 (0.9) | 5.1 (0.9) |
| Fasting insulin, pmol/L† | 121.5 (58.3) | 94.5 (42.4) | 83.3 (43.8) | 72.9 (28.5) |
| 2-hr insulin, pmol/L† | 966.7 (486.2) | 569.5 (224.3) | 402.8 (164.6) | 222.9 (93.1) |
| Body weight, kg | 75.3 (14.2) | 71.4 (13.8) | 68.5 (13.5) | 67.7 (12.9) |
| Waist circumference, cm | 97.4 (12.0) | 93.4 (12.3) | 90.3 (11.8) | 88.2 (11.9) |
| Physical activity, kcal/wk | 1,788 (2,141) | 1,921 (2,118) | 1,847 (2,051) | 1,998 (2,008) |
| eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2, % | 43.7% | 42.6% | 36.7% | 39.6% |
| Coronary heart disease, % | 20.3% | 17.3% | 14.0% | 16.1% |
| Congestive heart failure, % | 5.0% | 3.3% | 2.3% | 1.6% |
| Atrial fibrillation, % | 3.0% | 3.1% | 1.6% | 1.9% |
| Peripheral arterial disease, % | 2.1% | 2.5% | 1.6% | 2.1% |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 137.2 (21.1) | 136.2 (20.6) | 133.8 (20.7) | 130.0 (21.9) |
| Antihypertensive medication use, % | 52.3% | 38.3% | 35.4% | 32.1% |
| Triglyceride, mmol/L† | 1.7 (0.7) | 1.5 (0.6) | 1.4 (0.6) | 1.3 (0.5) |
| HDL cholesterol, mmol/L† | 1.3 (0.3) | 1.4 (0.4) | 1.5 (0.4) | 1.5 (0.4) |
| LDL cholesterol, mmol/L† | 3.4 (0.9) | 3.5 (0.9) | 3.4 (0.9) | 3.3 (0.9) |
*
Abbreviations: SD, standard deviation; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HDL, high density lipoprotein; LDL, low density lipoprotein.
†
Conversions: glucose, mg/dL = (mmol/L)/0.0555; insulin, μU/mL = (pmol/L)/6.945; triglyceride, mg/dL = (mmol/L)/0.0113; HDL and LDL cholesterol, mg/dL = (mmol/L)/0.0259.