Table 2.

Odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence interval (CI) from random-effects regression analyses for the associations between ordinal-scaled perceived risk of recurrence and potential explanatory factors in women with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and early-stage invasive breast cancer

	Univariate analysis			Multivariate analysis
	OR	95% CI	P	OR	95% CI	P
Age at diagnosisa	0.97	0.95–0.99	0.0161	0.99	0.97–1.01	0.2332
Race
Non-white	1.00			1.00
White	4.67	2.67–8.17	<0.0001	5.88	3.39–10.19	<0.0001
Educationb
≤High school graduate	1.00			–
>High school graduate	1.17	0.72–1.89	0.5352	–
Marital statusb
Non-married/non-partnered	1.00			–
Married/partnered	1.28	0.81–2.03	0.2875	–
Pathological stage
DCIS	1.00			1.00
Stage I	0.96	0.62–1.50	0.8567	1.07	0.66–1.72	0.7902
Stage IIA	1.73	0.92–3.23	0.0909	1.24	0.60–2.57	0.5635
Type of surgeryb
Mastectomy	1.00			–
Breast-conserving surgery	0.86	0.54–1.38	0.5349	–
Received chemotherapy	1.65	1.08–2.54	0.0213	1.52	0.94–2.43	0.0856
Received radiation therapy	0.75	0.56–1.01	0.0554	0.72	0.54–0.96	0.0271
Received adjuvant hormone therapyb	1.00	0.76–1.32	0.9827	–
Family history of breast cancerb	1.03	0.66–1.62	0.8915	–
Time after definitive surgery (months)a,b	1.00	0.99–1.01	0.5531	–
Surgical side effectsa	1.21	0.96–1.52	0.1040	1.00	0.78–1.28	0.9923
Charlson comorbidity indexa,b	0.99	0.83–1.17	0.8730	–
Social supporta	0.55	0.44–0.70	<0.0001	0.59	0.46–0.75	<0.0001
State anxietya	1.06	1.03–1.08	<0.0001	1.04	1.02–1.07	0.0016
Elevated depressive symptoms	1.82	1.22–2.71	0.0033	1.09	0.69–1.71	0.7106

^aFactors analyzed as continuous explanatory variables in which odds ratios correspond to a unit increase

^bVariable not included in the multivariate model, because not significantly associated with perceived risk of recurrence in univariate model