Table 1.

Randomized trials comparing surveillance and intervention versus usual clinical monitoring and intervention.

Name	Total no. of patients	Control	Study patients	Surveillance methods tested	Primary outcome	Result
Mayer et al., 1993 [57]	70	35	35	Ultrasound evaluation of stenosis	Graft survival	Positive
Sands et al., 1999 [49]	103	41	62	Access flow, static venous pressure	Access thrombosis	Positive
Moist et al., 2003 [58]	112	53	59	Access flow, dynamic venous pressure	Access thrombosis, loss	Negative
Ram et al., 2003 [62]	101	34	67	Access flow, stenosis	Access thrombosis, survival	Negative
Roca-Tey et al., 2004 [61]*	159	65	94	Access flow	Access thrombosis	Positive
Malik et al., 2005 [56]	192	92	97	Ultrasound evaluation of stenosis	Cumulative patency	Positive
Plantinga et al., 2006 [53]*	363	185	178	Multiple	Multiple outcomes	Positive
Polkinghorne et al., 2006 [59]	137	67	68	Access flow	>50% stenosis	Negative
Robbin et al., 2006 [60]	126	61	65	Ultrasound evaluation of stenosis	Graft survival	Negative

*Prospective nonrandomized studies.