Figure 2. Spontaneous nicotine withdrawal measured 16 hours after nicotine patches (5.2 mg/rat/day) removal was not prevented by administration of URB597 (0.0, 0.1 and 0.3 mg/kg, i.p.).

(A) overall withdrawal symptoms, (B) wet dog shakes/tremors, (C) chattering/chews, (D) gasp/writhes, (E) yawns. Values represent the mean (±SEM) of N = 8 subjects per group. #p<0.05, ##p<0.01, difference vs. “C+0.0” group.