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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: Biomark Med. 2011 Oct;5(5):615–628. doi: 10.2217/bmm.11.71

Figure 2. Age-specific changes in the expression and function of neurotransmitter systems.

Figure 2

(A–D) Age-specific changes in the expression of GABAA receptor subunits (A), chloride cotransporters KCC2, NKCC1 and GABAA receptor responses ((B) hippocampus), and NMDA receptors in the hippocampus (C) and cortex (D) of rats. The expression of these receptors and cotransporters changes with age and brain region. In certain cases, these developmental changes alter the function of the relevant receptors, as shown in (B). The developmental increase in KCC2 and decrease in NKCC1 results in the shift of GABAA receptor responses from depolarizing to hyperpolarizing (reviewed in [47,79]).

NMDA: N-methyl-D-aspartate; PN: Postnatal day.

(A & B) Reproduced with permission from [47].

(C & D) Reproduced with permission from [86].