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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Acad Med. 2011 Dec;86(12):1571–1576. doi: 10.1097/ACM.0b013e31823592fd

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Three submodels hypothesizing the associations between gender and promotion in career development, based on a comprehensive career-success model for physician-scientists developed by the University of Pittsburgh Institute for Clinical Research Education Research on Careers Workgroup, 2010. Submodel A shows a negative link between one personal factor (female gender) and one career-success factor (promotion). Submodel B includes two personal factors (female gender and dependent care) plus one career-success factor (promotion). Submodel C adds an organizational factor (mentoring). According to our model, if the need to provide dependent care acts as a mediator and decreases the chances of promotion for a physician-scientist, then the introduction of mentoring may counter this effect and increase the chances of promotion.