Osteoporosis |
Proven for continuous use (e.g., DVT treatment in pregnancy) in non-CKD patient; unknown if intermittent use for hemodialysis aggravates the other causes of ESRD bone disease |
Hyperlipidemia |
Heparin (UFH and LMWH) releases and depletes endothelium-bound lipoprotein lipase causing hypertriglyceridemia |
Aldosterone suppression |
Promotesmodest interdialytic rise in serum potassium concentration, UFH > LMWH. Not a clinical issue for otherwise stable patient |
Allergic reaction |
Immediate hypersensitivity (Type I) to heparin can be confused with other systemic reactions (e.g., to dialyzer) |
Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) |
Antibody-mediated (Type II) reaction leading to platelet activation with arterial and venous thrombosis |