Figure 1.

Changes in gene expression levels during early adult life of Melipona quadrifasciata diploid males (A), haploid males (B), workers (C) and queens (D). Fold change values refer to transcript levels detected in five-day old bees in comparison to newly emerged ones (the latter set as equal to 1). Box-and-whisker plots show median (dotted line), upper and lower quartiles (boxed), upper maximum and lower minimum for each gene. Asterisks indicate significant differences (REST randomization significance test, p ≤ 0.05).