Table 1. Summary of abbreviations and symbols.

Symbol	Definition
AL	Adaptive landscape
ISS	Individual selection surface
P	Phenotypic variance–covariance matrix before selection, P-matrix
ω+P	Strength of stabilizing selection (Gaussian AL), matrix
ω	Strength of stabilizing selection (Gaussian ISS), ω-matrix
γ	Strength of stabilizing selection (quadratic approx. of ISS), γ-matrix
rω	Selectional correlation, computed from ω
G	Additive genetic variance–covariance matrix, G-matrix
Ḡ	Average of G over time
rg	Genetic correlation, computed from G
M	Mutational effects variance–covariance matrix, M-matrix
rμ	Mutational correlation, computed from M
CPC	Common principal components, shared eigenvectors
Ne	Effective population size