Table 1.

Contrasting aims of models

Traditional aim of animal model	Aim of animal model in this review
Face validity: mimics the fundamental behavioural characteristics	Treatment validity: predicts the clinical effectiveness of a new compound.
Construct validity: expresses the known aetiology and pathophysiology	May or may not have face validity
Predictive validity: Predicts novel biology or clinical observations	May or may not have construct validity
	May or may not display expected effects of proven treatments.