Table 1a.
food categories: III. bakery products and IV. confectioneries
Food category | (III) Bakery products (n = 60) | (IV) Confectioneries (n = 116) | ||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Subgroup | Puff pastries (n = 37) | Doughnuts (n = 23) | Chocolate productsb) (n = 31) | Biscuitsc) (n = 85) | ||||||||||||||||
FA (% of FAME) | Mean | SD | Median | Min | Max | Mean | SD | Median | Min | Max | Mean | SD | Median | Min | Max | Mean | SD | Median | Min | Max |
C10:0 | 0.21 | 0.34 | 0.05 | 0.00 | 1.65 | 0.16 | 0.23 | 0.05 | 0.00 | 0.74 | 0.61 | 0.76 | 0.30 | 0.00 | 3.11 | 0.54 | 0.76 | 0.24 | 0.00 | 2.40 |
C12:0 | 2.53 | 3.26 | 0.69 | 0.07 | 12.61 | 1.24 | 1.80 | 0.46 | 0.12 | 7.45 | 12.85a | 15.29 | 4.14 | 0.11 | 50.58 | 6.89b | 13.13 | 0.61 | 0.20 | 46.79 |
C14:0 | 2.03 | 1.93 | 1.16 | 0.63 | 11.11 | 1.33 | 0.82 | 0.99 | 0.42 | 3.65 | 6.68a | 6.04 | 4.73 | 0.35 | 21.14 | 4.19b | 5.30 | 2.00 | 0.70 | 19.99 |
C16:0 | 40.37a | 7.16 | 39.00 | 31.37 | 66.24 | 32.57b | 9.72 | 36.30 | 14.64 | 45.42 | 27.51 | 10.80 | 27.77 | 9.49 | 48.13 | 28.64 | 7.41 | 29.81 | 11.68 | 40.96 |
c9-C16:1 | 0.23 | 0.26 | 0.15 | 0.10 | 1.63 | 0.35 | 0.12 | 0.33 | 0.18 | 0.69 | 0.33 | 0.41 | 0.20 | 0.00 | 1.86 | 0.36 | 0.13 | 0.35 | 0.02 | 0.58 |
C18:0 | 7.71a | 2.90 | 7.42 | 4.19 | 15.61 | 6.03b | 1.37 | 5.70 | 4.17 | 8.79 | 13.26b | 6.99 | 12.32 | 3.88 | 34.71 | 20.58a | 6.85 | 20.00 | 6.39 | 33.03 |
t4-C18:1 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.02 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.07 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.07 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
t5-C18:1 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.09 | 0.03 | 0.06 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.21 | 0.01 | 0.03 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.21 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.22 |
t6/7/8-C18:1 | 0.49 | 0.57 | 0.13 | 0.00 | 1.94 | 1.46 | 2.23 | 0.26 | 0.00 | 7.32 | 0.37 | 1.52 | 0.06 | 0.00 | 8.52 | 0.25 | 0.78 | 0.03 | 0.00 | 3.82 |
t9-C18:1 | 0.86 | 1.03 | 0.18 | 0.00 | 3.37 | 2.07 | 3.02 | 0.38 | 0.04 | 9.65 | 0.44 | 1.71 | 0.07 | 0.00 | 10.24 | 0.18 | 0.45 | 0.06 | 0.00 | 2.08 |
t10-C18:1 | 0.50 | 0.55 | 0.17 | 0.00 | 1.88 | 1.35 | 2.02 | 0.24 | 0.02 | 6.48 | 0.34 | 1.24 | 0.07 | 0.00 | 7.10 | 0.16 | 0.36 | 0.05 | 0.00 | 1.64 |
t11-C18:1 | 0.22 | 0.24 | 0.09 | 0.00 | 0.85 | 0.66 | 1.01 | 0.15 | 0.00 | 2.83 | 0.27 | 0.66 | 0.07 | 0.00 | 3.46 | 0.16 | 0.17 | 0.10 | 0.02 | 0.76 |
t12-C18:1 | 0.17 | 0.20 | 0.05 | 0.00 | 0.68 | 0.55 | 0.88 | 0.12 | 0.00 | 2.56 | 0.16 | 0.57 | 0.03 | 0.00 | 3.20 | 0.07 | 0.12 | 0.04 | 0.00 | 0.67 |
t13/14-C18:1 | 0.14 | 0.17 | 0.03 | 0.00 | 0.56 | 0.46 | 0.78 | 0.03 | 0.00 | 2.54 | 0.14 | 0.56 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 3.14 | 0.06 | 0.16 | 0.02 | 0.00 | 0.82 |
t15-C18:1 | 0.17 | 0.17 | 0.06 | 0.00 | 0.62 | 0.46 | 0.69 | 0.13 | 0.00 | 2.26 | 0.17 | 0.48 | 0.04 | 0.01 | 2.79 | 0.07 | 0.11 | 0.04 | 0.00 | 0.56 |
t16-C18:1 | 0.02 | 0.06 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.38 | 0.05 | 0.11 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.40 | 0.05 | 0.12 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.48 | 0.05 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.00 | 0.11 |
c9-C18:1 | 30.99b | 8.10 | 32.94 | 1.70 | 41.56 | 36.37a | 6.22 | 37.14 | 22.87 | 46.82 | 28.12 | 11.34 | 29.23 | 1.03 | 57.90 | 29.23 | 9.29 | 31.72 | 4.97 | 48.00 |
c11-C18:1 | 1.02 | 0.32 | 1.05 | 0.06 | 1.58 | 1.30 | 0.45 | 1.14 | 0.69 | 2.21 | 0.65a | 0.42 | 0.60 | 0.04 | 2.48 | 0.49b | 0.13 | 0.51 | 0.16 | 0.76 |
c12-C18:1 | 0.17 | 0.22 | 0.05 | 0.00 | 0.71 | 0.39 | 0.61 | 0.04 | 0.00 | 1.84 | 0.08 | 0.24 | 0.02 | 0.00 | 1.33 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.00 | 0.12 |
c9,12-C18:2 | 9.16 | 2.25 | 9.13 | 2.79 | 15.85 | 9.43 | 2.87 | 9.69 | 2.74 | 13.89 | 5.99 | 3.54 | 5.36 | 0.46 | 23.11 | 5.63 | 4.41 | 4.11 | 0.44 | 16.97 |
c9,12,15-C18:3 | 1.22a | 0.55 | 1.21 | 0.18 | 2.52 | 0.84b | 0.80 | 0.47 | 0.13 | 3.30 | 0.27 | 0.28 | 0.21 | 0.03 | 1.72 | 0.25 | 0.14 | 0.25 | 0.05 | 0.90 |
C20:0 | 0.47 | 0.12 | 0.42 | 0.22 | 0.83 | 0.52 | 0.23 | 0.42 | 0.28 | 1.13 | 0.44 | 0.21 | 0.40 | 0.15 | 1.00 | 0.73 | 0.22 | 0.79 | 0.14 | 1.01 |
c11-C20:1 | 0.29 | 0.10 | 0.30 | 0.09 | 0.51 | 0.37 | 0.22 | 0.30 | 0.16 | 0.84 | 0.11 | 0.07 | 0.10 | 0.00 | 0.38 | 0.17 | 0.25 | 0.07 | 0.00 | 0.94 |
C22:0 | 0.14 | 0.05 | 0.13 | 0.07 | 0.27 | 0.52 | 0.78 | 0.14 | 0.00 | 2.44 | 0.10b | 0.06 | 0.09 | 0.00 | 0.38 | 0.27a | 0.40 | 0.13 | 0.04 | 1.46 |
∑SFA | 53.98a | 8.23 | 52.17 | 42.59 | 81.50 | 43.15b | 7.71 | 45.25 | 29.75 | 56.65 | 62.04 | 15.38 | 60.33 | 26.93 | 98.12 | 62.47 | 11.92 | 61.47 | 42.35 | 90.07 |
∑MUFA | 35.49b | 8.81 | 36.83 | 2.83 | 45.15 | 46.25a | 8.38 | 43.44 | 34.00 | 62.61 | 31.52 | 13.18 | 32.52 | 1.38 | 68.32 | 31.49 | 8.80 | 33.41 | 6.97 | 50.67 |
∑PUFA | 10.52 | 2.38 | 10.47 | 4.92 | 18.18 | 10.54 | 3.29 | 11.08 | 3.64 | 17.37 | 6.45 | 3.70 | 6.00 | 0.49 | 24.64 | 6.04 | 4.40 | 4.52 | 0.62 | 17.25 |
∑n-3 | 1.39 | 0.55 | 1.34 | 0.52 | 2.56 | 1.30 | 0.93 | 1.17 | 0.27 | 3.47 | 0.45 | 0.58 | 0.26 | 0.05 | 3.11 | 0.32 | 0.16 | 0.29 | 0.10 | 0.95 |
∑n-6 | 9.56 | 2.11 | 9.36 | 3.94 | 15.88 | 10.54 | 1.99 | 10.77 | 6.84 | 13.98 | 6.30 | 3.54 | 6.02 | 0.48 | 23.23 | 5.78 | 4.35 | 4.25 | 1.32 | 17.04 |
∑CLA | 0.07 | 0.12 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.72 | 0.10 | 0.05 | 0.09 | 0.04 | 0.23 | 0.11 | 0.19 | 0.06 | 0.00 | 1.21 | 0.10 | 0.06 | 0.09 | 0.00 | 0.32 |
∑TFAa) | 2.69 | 2.87 | 0.80 | 0.06 | 9.96 | 7.34† | 10.97 | 1.44 | 0.14 | 35.11 | 2.11 | 7.02 | 0.48 | 0.05 | 40.46 | 1.13 | 2.20 | 0.52 | 0.04 | 10.66 |
∑Trans C18:2a) | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.45 | 0.06 | 0.10 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.29 | 0.06 | 0.13 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.59 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.00 | 0.14 |
Total fat (% FM) | 26.0a | 5.0 | 26.0 | 16.2 | 35.1 | 18.0b | 6.6 | 17.6 | 11.0 | 37.6 | 26.7 | 7.9 | 27.0 | 0.9 | 47.5 | 24.3 | 6.1 | 24.6 | 11.4 | 36.2 |
Portion of foods (%) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Between 2 and 6% TFA | 32 | 9 | 0 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||
Above 6% TFA | 11 | 30 | 7 | 4 |
a,b,cMean values with different superscript letters were significantly different between subgroups of one food category (p ≤ 0.05; †p ≤ 0.1).
Isomeres with at least one isolated trans-double bond, no CLA included.
Chocolate bars, drops, candies, ice cups, candy discs and icings.
Shortbread, cookies, cream-filled wafers, unfilled and cream-filled biscuits.