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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Biochim Biophys Acta. 2011 Jan 26;1815(2):224–240. doi: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2011.01.001

Figure 1. Expression of mucins during the progression of breast cancer.

Figure 1

Breast cancer is currently believed to develop through a series of well-defined stages: Normal duct > DH (ductal hyperplasia) > Atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) > Carcinoma in situ (CIS): DCIS/LCIS (ductal or lobular carcinoma in situ) > Invasive carcinoma (ductal or lobular). Both secreted and membrane-bound mucins have been demonstrated to be expressed during the progression from normal ducts to invasive adenocarcinoma. (+ indicates mucin detected and – indicates mucin undetected, NE not examined, £ <5% cells positive, ‡ expressed in mucinous carcinoma (in addition to ductal carcinoma), † Expressed in lobular carcinoma (in addition to ductal carcinoma), ¥ Expressed in LCIS (in addition to DCIS).