Table 1. Studies investigating mucins as diagnostic and prognostic markers in breast cancer.
| Ref. | Year | Type of study | Type of tissue | Technique | Mucin genes investigated |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [21] | 2001 | Retrospective | Formalin fixed | IHC | MUC1,MUC5AC and MUC6 |
| [37] | 2005 | Retrospective¥ | Formalin fixed (TMAs) | IHC | MUC1, MUC2, MUC3, MUC4, MUC5AC and MUC6 |
| [22] | 2009 | Retrospective | Formalin fixed (Commerical TMAs) | IHC | MUC4 |
| [26] | 1993 | Retrospective | Formalin fixed | IHC | MUC2 |
| [31] | 1998 | Retrospective | Formalin fixed | IHC | MUC6 |
| [24] | 2006 | Retrospective | Formalin fixed | IHC | MUC5B |
| [27] | 2008 | Prospective¶ | Formalin fixed | IHC | MUC1, MUC2, MUC5AC and MUC6 |
| [10] | 2003 | Retrospective | Formalin fixed | IHC | MUC1 |
| [34] | 2009 | Retrospective | Formalin fixed | IHC | MUC1 |
| [46] | 2007 | Retrospective | Formalin fixed (Commercial TMAs] | IHC | MUC1 |
| [35] | 2006 | Prospective | Formalin fixed | IHC | MUC1 |
| [53] | 1992 | Retrospective | Formalin fixed | IHC | MUC1 |
| [45] | 2008 | Retrospective | Formalin fixed | IHC | MUC16 |
| [25] | 2007 | Prospective | Fresh surgical specimen | IF | MUC1 |
| [33] | 2006 | Prospective | Fresh frozen SLN | RT-PCR | MUC1 |
| [70] | 2003 | Prospective | Bone marrow | RT-PCR | MUC2,MUC3,MUC5B, MUC6 and MUC7 |
| [36] | 2001 | Prospective | Fresh frozen ALN | Real time PCR | MUC1 |
| [71] | 2007 | Prospective | Peripheral venous blood | IMS followed by mPCR | MUC1 |
| [72] | 2009 | Prospective | Peripheral venous blood | IMS followed by RT-PCR | MUC1 |
| [52] | 1996 | Retrospective | Serum | RIA | MUC1 |
| [64] | 1988 | Prospective | Serum | RIA | MUC1 (CA15.3] |
| [62] | 2009 | Retrospective | Serum | ELISA | MUC1 (CA15.3] |
| [57] | 1993 | Retrospective | Serum | ELISA | MUC1 (CA15.3] |
| [54] | 2009 | Prospective§ | Serum | ELISA | MUC1 (CA15.3] |
| [66] | 1995 | Prospective | Serum | ELISA | MUC1 (CA15.3] |
| [53] | 1992 | Retrospective | Human milk fat globulin | 43 ELISA | MUC1 |
| [32] | 1992 | Retrospective | Tumor DNA | RFLP | MUC1 |
separation (IMS]; Radioimmunoassay (RIA]; Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP]; Reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR]; Sentinel lymph node (SLN]; Tissue microarray (TMA].