Table 1.
LINE-1 methylation (%) by demographic and lifestyle factors in the North Texas Healthy Heart study, 2008
| LINE-1 methylation (%) | Linear regression | |||
| N (%) | Mean (SD) | p value | β (95% CI) | |
| Age (yrs) | ||||
| 45–55 | 72 (44.7) | 74.2 (3.2) | ||
| 55–65 | 54 (33.5) | 73.7 (2.7) | −0.42 (−1.46, 0.62) | |
| 65+ | 35 (21.7) | 73.4 (2.7) | 0.40 | −0.79 (−1.99, 0.40) |
| Gender | ||||
| Male | 60 (37.3) | 75.0 (2.5) | ||
| Female | 101 (62.7) | 73.2 (3.0) | <0.0001 | −1.84 (−2.74, −0.94) |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||
| Non-Hispanic Whites | 33 (20.6) | 75.3 (3.3) | ||
| Non-Hispanic Blacks | 69 (43.1) | 73.1 (3.0) | −2.25 (−3.43, −1.07) | |
| Hispanics | 58 (36.5) | 74.0 (2.8) | 0.001 | −1.33 (−2.54, −0.11) |
| Education | ||||
| High school or less | 54 (33.5) | 73.9 (2.9) | ||
| Some college/college graduate | 107 (66.5) | 73.8 (2.9) | 0.93 | −0.04 (−1.01, 0.93) |
| Smoking | ||||
| Nonsmokers | 101 (63.1) | 73.7 (3.1) | ||
| Former smokers | 42 (26.3) | 74.2 (2.8) | 0.43 (−0.64, 1.50) | |
| Current smokers | 17 (10.6) | 73.7 (2.7) | 0.71 | −0.06 (−1.58, 1.47) |
| Alcohol | ||||
| Never | 62 (38.5) | 73.5 (2.6) | ||
| Monthly or less | 47 (29.2) | 73.7 (2.7) | 0.15 (−0.97, 1.26) | |
| ≥2–4 times/month | 52 (32.3) | 74.4 (3.4) | 0.24 | 0.89 (−0.19, 1.98) |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | ||||
| <25 | 18 (11.2) | 74.3 (2.3) | ||
| 25–30 | 63 (39.1) | 74.1 (2.8) | −0.19 (−1.73. 1.36) | |
| ≥30 | 80 (49.7) | 73.5 (3.1) | 0.43 | −0.74 (−2.25, 0.78) |
| Central obesitya | ||||
| No | 70 (43.5) | 74.7 (2.5) | ||
| Yes | 91 (56.5) | 73.2 (3.1) | <0.01 | −1.44 (−2.33, −0.54) |
| Dietary folate equivalents (DFE) (µg/1,000 kcal) | ||||
| Q1 (<232.7) | 35 (25.0) | 74.6 (2.7) | ||
| Q2 (232.7–273.6) | 36 (25.0) | 73.9 (2.6) | −0.65 (−2.07, 0.76) | |
| Q3 (273.6–336.0) | 36 (25.0) | 73.9 (2.8) | −0.62 (−2.04, 0.79) | |
| Q4 (≥336.0) | 36 (25.0) | 73.5 (3.8) | 0.07 | −1.10 (−2.51, 0.32) |
| Vitamin B12 (µg/1,000 kcal) | ||||
| Q1 (<1.9) | 35 (25.0) | 73.2 (2.7) | ||
| Q2 (1.9–2.4) | 36 (25.0) | 73.6 (3.8) | 0.31 (−1.09, 1.70) | |
| Q3 (2.4–3.1) | 36 (25.0) | 74.6 (2.7) | 1.43 (−0.04, 2.82) | |
| Q4 (≥3.1) | 36 (25.0) | 74.5 (2.5) | 0.12 | 1.26 (−0.14, 2.65) |
| Vitamin B6 (mg/1,000 kcal) | ||||
| Q1 (<0.8) | 35 (25.0) | 74.1 (2.7) | ||
| Q2 (0.8–1.0) | 36 (25.0) | 74.9 (2.6) | 0.77 (−0.62, 2.17) | |
| Q3 (1.0–1.2) | 36 (25.0) | 73.4 (3.9) | −0.69 (−2.09, 0.70) | |
| Q4 (≥1.2) | 36 (25.0) | 73.5 (2.5) | 0.13 | −0.64 (−2.03, 0.76) |
| Riboflavin (mg/1,000 kcal) | ||||
| Q1 (<0.9) | 35 (25.0) | 73.2 (2.5) | ||
| Q2 (0.9–1.0) | 36 (25.0) | 73.6 (2.6) | 0.43 (−0.97, 1.83) | |
| Q3 (1.0–1.3) | 36 (25.0) | 74.6 (4.0) | 1.36 (−0.04, 2.75) | |
| Q4 (≥1.3) | 36 (25.0) | 74.4 (2.6) | 0.17 | 1.24 (−0.16, 2.64) |
| Methionine (mg/1,000 kcal) | ||||
| Q1 (<0.7) | 35 (25.0) | 73.6 (2.9) | ||
| Q2 (0.7–0.8) | 36 (25.0) | 73.6 (2.9) | −0.06 (−1.47, 1.35) | |
| Q3 (0.8–0.9) | 36 (25.0) | 74.6 (2.7) | 0.97 (−0.44, 2.38) | |
| Q4 (≥0.9) | 36 (25.0) | 74.1 (2.7) | 0.43 | 0.50 (−0.91, 1.91) |
a
Central obesity is defined as waist circumference >102 cm for men and >88 cm for women.