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A schematic of some typical SPR immunosensor formats. A. Sandwich immunoassay for large molecules. B. Protein conjugate immobilized indirect inhibition immunoassay (can also link via self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) or carboxymethyl dextran polymers) with optional secondary antibody-gold nanoparticle labeling in a second step. C. Protein-labeled inhibition immunoassay. D. Direct small molecule immunoassay.
