Table 3.

Serum IGF-1 and insulin levels for WP and CHO.

Variable	Time Point	WP	CHO	p-value
IGF-1 (ng/ml)	Baseline	0.46 ± 0.4	0.39 ± 0.3	Supplement (S) = 0.64
	30 min post-ingestion	0.47 ± 0.4	0.45 ± 0.4	Test (T) = 0.34
	15 min post-exercise	0.44 ± 0.5	0.39 ± 0.3	S × T = 0.89
	120 min post-exercise	0.50 ± 0.4	0.44 ± 0.3
Insulin (μIU/ml)	Baseline	12.83 ± 6.1	14.05 ± 7.1	Supplement (S) = 0.95
	30 min post-ingestion	51.90 ± 25.3	50.59 ± 34.9	Test (T) = 0.001†¥#
	15 min post-exercise	23.60 ± 14.1	14.62 ± 8.9	S × T = 0.76
	120 min post-exercise	10.08 ± 6.5	9.33 ± 5.5

Data are means ± standard deviations.

† represents significant difference from baseline at 30 min post-ingestion.

¥ represents significant difference from baseline at 15 min post-exercise.

# represents significant difference from baseline at 120 min post-exercise.