Table 1.
—Subject Characteristics
| Characteristic | HF Without CSA | HF With CSA | P Value |
| No. | 9 | 24 | … |
| Age, y | 61.1 ± 12.4 | 66.7 ± 9.9 | .20 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 28.2 ± 4.0 | 27.7 ± 4.6 | .89 |
| Ischemic etiology | 5 | 15 | .72 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 0 | 5 | .29 |
| NYHA I-II, No. | 5 | 10 | .70 |
| NYHA III-IV, No. | 4 | 14 | |
| LVEF, % | 26.7 ± 5.5 | 21.8 ± 8.0 | .04 |
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 76.1 ± 25.5 | 66.8 ± 20.4 | .35 |
| β-Blocker, % | 78 | 88 | .52 |
| ACE/ARB, % | 100 | 96 | .59 |
| Aldosterone antagonist, % | 33 | 25 | .66 |
| Diuretics, % | 78 | 79 | .95 |
| Digitalis, % | 77 | 75 | .89 |
| Nitrates, % | 22 | 16 | .74 |
Values are from the 33 male subjects only and presented as mean ± SD unless otherwise noted. ACE/ARB = angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin II receptor blocker; CSA = central sleep apnea; eGFR = estimated glomerular filtration rate; HF = heart failure; LVEF = left ventricular ejection fraction; NYHA = New York Heart Association.