Table 2.
Baseline Characteristics by AREDS AMD Categories*
| Control (n = 209) | Drusen (n = 354) | Advanced AMD (n = 301) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y, mean ± SE | 66.3 ± 0.29 | 68.6 ± 0.27 | 69.4 ± 0.30 |
| P < 0.0001† | P < 0.0001† | ||
| Education | |||
| Some high school or less | 47 (22.49) | 120 (33.90) | 143 (47.51) |
| Some college or higher | 162 (77.51) | 234 (66.10) | 158 (52.49) |
| P = 0.004‡ | P < 0.0001‡ | ||
| Female | 104 (49.76) | 213 (60.17) | 178 (59.14) |
| P = 0.02‡ | P = 0.04‡ | ||
| Smoking status | |||
| Never | 104 (49.76) | 146 (41.24) | 119 (39.53) |
| Current or ever | 105 (50.24) | 208 (58.76) | 182 (60.47) |
| P = 0.05‡ | P = 0.02‡ | ||
| Hypertension history | 69 (33.01) | 128 (36.16) | 113 (37.54) |
| P = 0.45‡ | P = 0.29‡ | ||
| Body mass index, kg/m2, mean ± SE | 27.1 ± 0.25 | 27.4 ± 0.31 | 28.3 ± 0.30 |
| P = 0.42† | P = 0.01† | ||
| Sunlight exposure, h/d, mean ± SE | 1.0 ± 0.07 | 1.2 ± 0.06 | 1.1 ± 0.07 |
| P = 0.13† | P = 0.62† | ||
| Dietary glycemic index, mean ± SE | 77.9 ± 0.35 | 77.8 ± 0.25 | 79.0 ± 0.27 |
| P = 0.85† | P = 0.01† |
Data are n (%) unless otherwise indicated.
*
Controls, AREDS category 1; Drusen cases, AREDS category 2 and 3; advanced AMD cases: AREDS category 4.
†
P values are for the distributional differences compared with control groups and were derived by t-tests.
‡
P values are for the distributional differences compared with control groups and were derived by χ2-tests.