. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Dec 6.

Published in final edited form as: Obesity (Silver Spring). 2009 Dec 24;18(8):1524–1531. doi: 10.1038/oby.2009.454

Table 2.

Hormones and substrates at baseline and during exercise

	Fasting glucose (mmol/l)	2-h glucose (mmol/l)	Insulin (pmol/l)	Glucagon (ng/l)	FFA (μmol/l)	Glycerol (μmol/l)	Lactate (μmol/l)	Epi (pmol/l)	Norepi (nmol/l)
Baseline
Prediabetes	5.9 ± 0.1^*	7.6 ± 0.6^*	85 ± 19	71 ± 9.2	644 ± 53	104 ± 9.7	0.7 ± 0.07	153 ± 15	1.6 ± 0.2
NGT	5.1 ± 0.1	5.6 ± 0.2	72 ± 9	67 ± 3.5	569 ± 31	96 ± 6.5	0.6 ± 0.07	131 ± 9	1.5 ± 0.2
Exercise
Prediabetes	5.1 ± 0.1^§		58 ± 10	77 ± 9.1	937 ± 53^§	310 ± 25^§	0.7 ± 0.08	284 ± 35^§	4.1 ± 0.4^§
NGT	4.8 ± 0.1		40 ± 5^§	65 ± 3.1	947 ± 59^§	306 ± 19^§	0.5 ± 0.08	295 ± 23^§	3.9 ± 0.4^§

Values are mean ± s.e.m.

Epi, epinephrine; FFA, free fatty acids; Norepi, norepinephrine; NGT, normal glucose tolerance.

P < 0.05 prediabetes vs. NGT.

^§

P < 0.05 baseline vs. exercise.