Table 4.

Within-Pair Differences in Inflammatory Biomarker Concentrations per 1-Unit MDS Overall and by Zygosity

	MZ+DZ (n=345)		MZ (n=181)		DZ (n=164)
Outcome	Within-Pair Difference, %	P	Within-Pair Difference, %	P	Within-Pair Difference, %	P	P for Interaction With Zygosity
Model 1: adjusted for zygosity and other nutritional factors not included in the MDS*
IL-6, pg/mL	−9.9	<0.0001	−8.6	0.022	−11.3	0.001	0.55
hsCRP, mg/L	−5.4	0.14	−3.9	0.45	−6.8	0.26	0.69
Model 2: further adjusted for demographic and lifestyle factors†
IL-6, pg/mL	−8.8	<0.0001	−8.6	0.018	−10.4	0.003	0.92
hsCRP, mg/L	−4.4	0.21	−3.0	0.58	−5.8	0.31	0.66
Model 3: further adjusted for comorbidity and cardiovascular risk factors‡
IL-6, pg/mL	−9.2	<0.0001	−9.5	0.009	−11.3	0.001	0.85
hsCRP, mg/L	−4.4	0.22	−3.0	0.53	−6.8	0.26	0.57
Model 4: further adjusted for use of supplements and medications§
IL-6, pg/mL	−9.2	<0.0001	−7.7	0.029	−11.3	0.001	0.80
hsCRP, mg/L	−4.1	0.26	−0.5	0.93	−7.7	0.22	0.46

The within-pair difference (%) is calculated from the β coefficient and is expressed per 1-unit difference in the MDS between 2 twins in a pair.

^*Total energy intake, egg and potato consumption.

^†Age, education, marital status, smoking, waist-to-hip ratio, and physical activity.

^‡Previous coronary heart disease, depressive symptom score, plasma glucose, systolic blood pressure, and low- and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.

^§Fish oil supplements, statins, and aspirin.