Table 3. Characteristics by plasma vitamin C status by location in India.
| North India | South India | |||||||
| Plasma vitamin C | Adequate | Sub-optimal | Deficient | p | Adequate | Sub-optimal | Deficient | p |
| >28 µmol/L | 11–28 µmol/L | <11 µmol/L | >28 µmol/L | 11–28 µmol/L | <11 µmol/L | |||
| N = 286 | N = 403 | N = 1979 | N = 774 | N = 853 | N = 1343 | |||
| Age1 | 65.8 (5.9) | 66.8 (6.1) | 68.3 (6.8) | <0.0001 | 66.9 (6.2) | 67.1 (6.1) | 67.9 (6.6) | 0.002 |
| Women2 | 182 (63.6) | 221 (54.8) | 982 (49.6) | 0.03 | 449 (58.0) | 494 (57.9) | 620 (46.2) | 0.0001 |
| Lowest SES2,3 | 41 (14.3) | 77 (19.1) | 463 (23.4) | 0.02 | 139 (18.0) | 181 (21.2) | 346 (25.8) | 0.02 |
| Biomass fuels2 | 194 (67.8) | 290 (72.0) | 1641 (82.9) | 0.001 | 349 (45.3) | 448 (53.0) | 706 (53.4) | 0.1 |
| Malnutrition2,4 | 22 (7.7) | 46 (11.4) | 343 (17.3) | 0.01 | 72 (9.3) | 104 (12.2) | 254 (18.9) | <0.0001 |
| Body mass Index | ||||||||
| <18.5 2 | 50 (17.5) | 99 (24.6) | 698 (35.5) | <0.0001 | 191 (24.7) | 247 (29.1) | 476 (35.8) | 0.002 |
| ≥252 | 55 (19.2) | 74 (18.4) | 233 (11.8) | 0.003 | 178 (23.0) | 171 (20.2) | 206 (15.5) | 0.003 |
| Diabetes2 | 151 (52.8) | 249 (61.8) | 1141 (57.7) | 0.1 | 447 (57.8) | 459 (53.8) | 755 (56.2) | 0.3 |
| Current tobacco 2 | 126 (44.1) | 230 (57.1) | 1284 (64.9) | <0.0001 | 248 (32.0) | 363 (42.6) | 709 (52.8) | <0.0001 |
| Current alcohol 2,5 | 36 (34.6) | 71 (39.0) | 447 (44.8) | 0.1 | 113 (34.8) | 122 (34.0) | 271 (37.5) | 0.6 |
| Dietary vitamin C6 | 31.9 | 29.9 | 19.5 | <0.0001 | 35.6 | 35.0 | 33.2 | 0.02 |
| 18.0, 50.9 | 17.5, 44.6 | 11.8, 33.5 | 24.7, 53.7 | 25.1, 49.4 | 22.9, 48.7 | |||
1
Mean (Standard Deviation).
2
n with characteristic (%).
3
Socio-Economic status.
4
Moderate & severe malnutrition defined as a mid-upper arm circumference of <22 in men and <20 in women.
5
1283 men in north India and 1407 men in south India.
6
Median, (InterQuartile range) mg/day.