Table 1.
Associations between attitudes supporting peer violence and involvement in peer violence perpetration among youth after controlling for demographic characteristics, personal characteristics, family environment, and peer environment
| Any peer violence perpetration | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AOR (95% CI) | ||||
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | |
| Attitudes supporting boys hitting boys | 1.53 (1.27, 1.85) | 1.52 (1.26, 1.85) | 1.45 (1.19, 1.77) | 1.35 (1.07, 1.72) |
| Attitudes supporting girls hitting girls | 1.62 (1.32, 1.98) | 1.55 (1.26, 1.90) | 1.49 (1.21, 1.83) | 1.14 (0.89, 1.48) |
| Male | – | 1.18 (1.02, 1.36) | 1.23 (1.06, 1.43) | 1.05 (0.86, 1.28) |
| Grade | ||||
| 7 | – | 1.33 (1.12, 1.57) | 1.47 (1.23, 1.76) | 0.99 (0.78, 1.25) |
| 9 | – | 1.60 (1.34, 1.91) | 1.66 (1.38, 1.99) | 1.48 (1.18, 1.86) |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||
| Hispanic | – | 1.14 (0.94, 1.37) | 1.00 (0.82, 1.21) | 1.13 (0.89, 1.44) |
| African American | – | 1.21 (0.99, 1.49) | 1.14 (0.93, 1.41) | 1.35 (1.03, 1.76) |
| Other | – | 1.11 (0.78, 1.59) | 0.96 (0.67, 1.38) | 0.98 (0.61, 1.56) |
| Family composition | ||||
| 1 guardian | – | – | 1.01 (0.84, 1.21) | 0.99 (0.79, 1.25) |
| Multiple guardians | – | – | 1.15 (0.96, 1.38) | 0.98 (0.78, 1.24) |
| Child maltreatment | – | – | 1.90 (1.63, 2.21) | 1.31 (1.08, 1.59) |
| Inadequate parenting style | – | – | 1.32 (1.12, 1.56) | 1.05 (0.84, 1.30) |
| Binge drinking | – | – | – | 1.15 (0.91, 1.46) |
| Illicit drug use | – | – | – | 1.15 (0.91, 1.45) |
| Weapon carrying | – | – | – | 1.92 (1.49, 2.48) |
| Low self-efficacy | – | – | – | 0.81 (0.73, 0.89) |
| Suicide attempt | – | – | – | 1.00 (0.73, 1.36) |
| Low academic grades | – | – | – | 0.86 (0.71, 1.04) |
| Friends’ dating violence | – | – | – | 1.91 (1.55, 2.37) |
| Peer violence victimization | – | – | – | 8.80 (7.31, 10.58) |
Reference categories are those with female, 11/12 grade, White race/ethnicity, lived with two guardians, did not experience child maltreatment, experienced average/high parenting style, did not binge drink, did not use illicit drugs, did not carry a weapon, had high self-efficacy, did not attempt suicide, had mostly A’s and B’s, did not have peers involved in dating violence perpetration, and did not experience peer violence victimization
AOR adjusted odds ratio