Table 2.
Associations between attitudes supporting peer violence and involvement in peer violence perpetration among boys and girls after controlling for demographic characteristics, personal characteristics, family environment, and peer environment
| Peer violence perpetration AOR (95% CI) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | |||||
| Boys | Girls | Boys | Girls | Boys | Girls | Boys | Girls | |
| Attitudes supporting boys hitting boys | 1.59 (1.21, 2.09) | 1.40 (1.08, 1.82) | 1.58 (1.20, 2.08) | 1.46 (1.12, 1.91) | 1.46 (1.10, 1.94) | 1.41 (1.08, 1.86) | 1.21 (0.87, 1.69) | 1.49 (1.05, 2.13) |
| Attitudes supporting girls hitting girls | 1.85 (1.38, 2.48) | 1.44 (1.09, 1.90) | 1.73 (1.29, 2.32) | 1.40 (1.05, 1.85) | 1.68 (1.24, 2.28) | 1.33 (1.00, 1.78) | 1.31 (0.92, 1.87) | 1.01 (0.70, 1.46) |
| Grade—7 | – | – | 1.50 (1.17, 1.92) | 1.17 (0.92, 1.48) | 1.68 (1.29, 2.17) | 1.30 (1.01, 1.66) | 1.01 (0.71, 1.44) | 0.98 (0.71, 1.36) |
| Grade—9 | – | – | 2.02 (1.56, 2.60) | 1.27 (0.99, 1.63) | 2.09 (1.61, 2.72) | 1.32 (1.02, 1.71) | 1.71 (1.24, 2.36) | 1.32 (0.95, 1.83) |
| Race/ethnicity—Hispanic | – | – | 1.25 (0.94, 1.65) | 1.04 (0.81, 1.35) | 1.12 (0.84, 1.49) | 0.89 (0.68, 1.17) | 1.11 (0.78, 1.57) | 1.14 (0.81, 1.59) |
| Race/ethnicity—African American | – | – | 1.37 (1.02, 1.85) | 1.08 (0.82, 1.42) | 1.34 (0.98, 1.82) | 0.99 (0.74, 1.32) | 1.44 (0.98, 2.12) | 1.23 (0.84, 1.78) |
| Race/ethnicity—other | – | – | 1.36 (0.83, 2.21) | 0.94 (0.56, 1.56) | 1.21 (0.72, 2.03) | 0.78 (0.46, 1.31) | 1.17 (0.60, 2.30) | 0.79 (0.40, 1.55) |
| Family composition—1 guardian | – | – | – | – | 1.09 (0.84, 1.42) | 0.96 (0.74, 1.23) | 1.10 (0.79, 1.54) | 0.91 (0.67, 1.24) |
| Family composition—multiple guardians | – | – | – | – | 1.26 (0.97, 1.64) | 1.06 (0.82, 1.39) | 1.00 (0.73, 1.37) | 1.00 (0.71, 1.41) |
| Child maltreatment | – | – | – | – | 1.98 (1.59, 2.47) | 1.87 (1.51, 2.32) | 1.35 (1.02, 1.79) | 1.33 (1.01, 1.75) |
| Inadequate parenting style | – | – | – | – | 1.25 (0.97, 1.60) | 1.38 (1.10, 1.74) | 0.97 (0.70, 1.35) | 1.11 (0.83, 1.49) |
| Binge drinking | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.93 (0.66, 1.30) | 1.35 (0.96, 1.91) |
| Illicit drug use | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1.02 (0.73, 1.42) | 1.32 (0.94, 1.86) |
| Weapon carrying | – | – | – | – | – | – | 2.82 (1.78, 4.45) | 1.61 (1.17, 2.21) |
| Low self-efficacy | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.81 (0.70, 0.93) | 0.80 (0.69, 0.91) |
| Suicide attempt | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1.11 (0.76, 1.62) | 0.81 (0.46, 1.40) |
| Low academic grades | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.79 (0.60, 1.04) | 0.93 (0.71, 1.23) |
| Friends’ dating violence | – | – | – | – | – | – | 2.01 (1.52, 2.64) | 1.82 (1.29, 2.57) |
| Peer violence victimization | – | – | – | – | – | – | 8.03 (6.16, 10.46) | 9.72 (7.46, 12.65) |
Reference categories are those with female, 11/12 grade, White race/ethnicity, lived with two guardians, did not experience child maltreatment, experienced average/high parenting style, did not binge drink, did not use illicit drugs, did not carry a weapon, had high self-efficacy, did not attempt suicide, had mostly A’s and B’s, did not have peers involved in dating violence perpetration, and did not experience peer violence victimization
AOR adjusted odds ratio