Plasma kisspeptin IR and serum reproductive hormone levels after iv bolus injection of kisspeptin-10 to healthy female volunteers. A–D, Time profiles for plasma kisspeptin IR (A) and changes in serum LH (B), FSH (C), and estradiol (D) during 4 h after iv bolus injection of saline, kisspeptin-10 (KP10), or kisspeptin-54 (KP54) to healthy female volunteers. For 10 nmol/kg KP10 vs. saline: ψ, P < 0.05; ψψ, P < 0.01; ψψψ, P < 0.001. For 3 nmol/kg KP10 vs. saline: λλλ, P < 0.001. For 1 nmol/kg KP54 vs. saline: κ, P < 0.05; κκ, P < 0.01; κκκ, P < 0.001. For 10 nmol/kg KP10 (Preov) vs. saline: *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001. E–H, AUC for plasma kisspeptin IR (E) and changes in serum LH (F), FSH (G), and estradiol (H) during 4 h after iv bolus injection of saline or kisspeptin-10 to healthy female volunteers. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001. Data are shown as mean ± sem. E2, Estradiol; Preov, preovulatory phase of the menstrual cycle.