Table 1.
Selected upregulated gene transcripts in macrophages 4 h after exposure to live B. burgdorferi which were downregulated in the presence of added exogenous IL-10a
| Functional group and description | Gene no. | Annotation | Fold change in expression by culture condition(s) |
Fold change ratio (live Bb culture/live Bb + IL-10 culture) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Live Bbb | Live Bb + IL-10 | ||||
| Cytokines and Chemokines | |||||
| Colony stimulating factor 1 (macrophage) | NM_007778 | Csf1 | 8.14 | 3.13 | 2.6 |
| Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 | NM_009140 | Cxcl2 | 98.28 | 38.22 | 2.57 |
| Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 10 | NM_021274 | Cxcl10 | 6.53 | 3.75 | 1.74 |
| Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 | NM_011333 | Ccl2 | 4.6 | 2.75 | 1.67 |
| Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 | NM_013653 | Ccl5 | 4.31 | 3.11 | 1.39 |
| Interleukin 6 | NM_031168 | IL-6 | 6 | 4.54 | 1.32 |
| Tumor necrosis factor | NM_013693 | Tnf | 12.16 | 9.36 | 1.3 |
| Enzymes | |||||
| Cytochrome c oxidase, subunit XVII assembly protein homolog (yeast) | BU555670 | Cox17 | 14.34 | 5.7 | 2.52 |
| Guanylate nucleotide binding protein 2 | NM_010260 | Gbp2 | 5.23 | 3.31 | 1.58 |
| Cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide | NM_007807 | Cybb | 5.49 | 3.5 | 1.57 |
| Acyl-coenzyme A synthetase long-chain family member 1 | NM_007981 | Acsl1 | 6.45 | 4.52 | 1.43 |
| G-protein coupled receptor | |||||
| G protein-coupled receptor 109A | NM_030701 | Gpr109a | 4.61 | 3.62 | 1.27 |
| Growth factor | |||||
| Jagged 1 | NM_013822 | Jag1 | 5.61 | 2.84 | 1.98 |
| Kinases | |||||
| Polo-like kinase 2 (Drosophila) | NM_152804 | Plk2 | 8.65 | 5.91 | 1.46 |
| Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 2 ligand-dependent nuclear receptor | NM_172161 | Irak2 | 4.36 | 3.06 | 1.42 |
| Nuclear receptor subfamily 4, group A, member 1 | NM_010444 | Nr4a1 | 12.56 | 6.9 | 1.82 |
| Peptidases | |||||
| Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation gene 1 | NM_172833 | Malt1 | 6.83 | 3.1 | 2.21 |
| Complement component 3 | NM_009778 | C3 | 15.32 | 12.12 | 1.26 |
| Phosphatases | |||||
| Protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor-type, F interacting protein, binding protein 2 | NM_008905 | Ppfibp2 | 3.86 | 2.22 | 1.74 |
| Protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, J | NM_008982 | Ptpri | 4.63 | 2.85 | 1.63 |
| Transcription regulators | |||||
| Human immunodeficiency virus type I enhancer binding protein 3 | AK038070 | Hivep3 | 5.92 | 2.99 | 1.98 |
| Early growth response 2 | NM_010118 | Egr2 | 4.03 | 2.43 | 1.66 |
| V-maf musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene family, protein F (avian) | NM_010755 | Maff | 7.13 | 4.52 | 1.58 |
| Nuclear factor of kappa light chain gene enhancer in B-cells 1, p105 | BC050841 | Nfkb1 | 3.26 | 2.27 | 1.44 |
| Nuclear factor of kappa light chain polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cell inhibitor, epsilon | NM_008690 | Nfkbie | 2.85 | 2.28 | 1.25 |
| Jun-B oncogene | NM_008416 | Junb | 5.35 | 4.43 | 1.21 |
| Transmembrane receptors | |||||
| Macrophage receptor with collagenous structure | NM_010766 | Marco | 29.32 | 9.46 | 3.1 |
| Toll-like receptor 2 | NM_011905 | Tlr2 | 8.65 | 6.55 | 1.32 |
| Poliovirus receptor | NM_027514 | Pvr | 2.82 | 2.27 | 1.24 |
| Macrophage scavenger receptor 1 | NM_031195 | Msr1 | 3.09 | 2.52 | 1.23 |
| Transporters | |||||
| Solute carrier family 11 (proton-coupled divalent metal ion transporters), member 2 | AK148276 | Slc11a2 | 7.73 | 4.82 | 1.61 |
| Syntaxin 11 | AK017897 | Stx11 | 3.91 | 3.26 | 1.2 |
| Other | |||||
| Unknown | NM_173363 | Eif5 | 8.91 | 3.5 | 2.54 |
| Cytokine-inducible SH2-containing protein | NM_009895 | Cish | 4.93 | 2.49 | 1.98 |
| TNF receptor-associated factor 1 | NM_009421 | Traf1 | 10.75 | 6.17 | 1.74 |
| Septin 11 | AK028475 | 3.46 | 2.17 | 1.59 | |
| Intercellular adhesion molecule | BC008626 | Icam1 | 10.21 | 6.63 | 1.54 |
| CD83 antigen | NM_009856 | Cd83 | 3.84 | 2.56 | 1.5 |
| Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 3 | NM_027871 | Arhgef3 | 6.15 | 4.12 | 1.49 |
| ADP-ribosylation factor-like 5C | NM_207231 | Arl5c | 7.04 | 5.03 | 1.4 |
| CASP8 and FADD-like apoptosis regulator | NM_207653 | Cflar | 3.64 | 2.62 | 1.39 |
| RIKEN cDNA 1190003J15 gene | AK004470 | 1190003J15Rik | 5.94 | 4.27 | 1.39 |
| Zinc finger CCCH type containing 12A | NM_153159 | Zc3h12a | 4.04 | 3.09 | 1.3 |
| Density-regulated protein | NM_026603 | Denr | 2.76 | 2.13 | 1.3 |
| Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 | NM_145857 | Card15 | 3.94 | 3.09 | 1.28 |
| Proline-rich nuclear receptor coactivator 1 | NM_001033225 | Pnrc1 | 3.67 | 2.91 | 1.26 |
| Syndecan 4 | NM_011521 | Sdc4 | 3.82 | 3.07 | 1.24 |
| Unknown | XM_134209 | BC053440 | 2.93 | 2.37 | 1.24 |
| Interferon-related developmental regulator 1 | NM_013562 | Ifrd1 | 2.88 | 2.33 | 1.23 |
| CDC42 effector protein (Rho GTPase binding) 2 | NM_026772 | Cdc42ep2 | 4.7 | 3.84 | 1.22 |
| Growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible 45 beta | NM_008655 | Gadd45b | 11.09 | 9.07 | 1.22 |
| Deltex 4 homolog (Drosophila) | NM_172442 | Dtx4 | 3.24 | 2.68 | 1.21 |
| Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase family, member 14 | NM_001039530 | Parp14 | 2.83 | 2.35 | 1.21 |
a
A corrected one-way analysis of variance was used to analyze the microarray data. Genes whose expression levels were upregulated 2-fold or more (P < 0.05) compared to unstimulated cells were considered to be differentially expressed in a statistically significant manner. The underlined genes are common to both the 4- and 24-h time points.
b
Bb, B. burgdorferi spirochetes.