Fig. 4.

EspZ localizes to host cell mitochondria. (A) HeLa cells were plated on glass coverslips and transfected with pcDNA3::HA₂espZ. Cells were stained with rabbit anti-COX IV (red) and mouse anti-HA.11 (green), followed by Alexa 633-conjugated goat antirabbit and Alexa 488-conjugated goat antimouse antibodies, respectively. Coverslips were mounted in ProLong Gold with DAPI to image cellular nuclei (blue). (B) HeLa cells were transfected with either pcDNA3::HA₂espZ or pcDNA3::HA₂, and mitochondrial fractions were isolated as described in the text. Antibodies that recognize cytochrome c and β-tubulin were used as controls for mitochondrial (Mito) and cytoplasmic (Cyto) fractions, respectively. Anti-HA antibodies were used to visualize HA₂EspZ.