PGG glucan decreased liver colonization in female mice. Female mice were subjected to CLP and administered PGG glucan or dextran (10 mg/kg) 1 h after surgery. Twenty-four hours after surgery, liver samples from female (A and B) and male (C and D) mice were obtained, diluted in PBS, and incubated on tryptic soy agar with 5% sheep's blood, which allows the growth of a variety of fastidious bacteria (A and C), and MacConkey agar, which allows the growth of Gram-negative bacteria only (B and D), overnight at 37°C.