Effect of c-di-GMP on HapR expression in different genetic backgrounds. Strain SZS007, containing a HapR-dependent luxC-lacZ fusion (WT), and the isogenic SZS012 (ΔluxO), HX02 (ΔvpsT), AJB505 (ΔvqmA), and HX01 (hapRp*) mutants were transformed with plasmids expressing VieA and VCA0956. Transformants were grown in TSB medium, PDE or DGC expression was induced as described in Materials and Methods, and β-galactosidase activity was determined. Each value represents the mean for three independent cultures. Error bars indicate standard deviations (**, P < 0.01 for comparison of induced versus control cultures).