Table 1.
Clinical presentations, incidence of positive blood cultures, and outcomes among 664 invasive group A streptococcal infection cases
| Clinical presentation | No. (%) of cases |
No. of cases with fatal outcome/total no. (%)c | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Totala | With positive blood cultureb | Presenting with a TSSb | ||
| Bacteremia without identified focus | 147 (22) | 147 (100) | 24 (16) | 32/144 (22)f |
| Skin or soft tissue infection | 196 (30) | 160 (82) | 29 (15) | 17/193 (9)g |
| Necrotizing fasciitis | 104 (16) | 49 (47) | 45 (43) | 22/102 (22)f |
| Pleuropulmonary infectiond | 71 (11) | 44 (62) | 24 (34) | 15/68 (22) |
| Postpartum infection | 32 (5) | 12 (38) | 0 (0) | 0/32 (0)g |
| Intra-abdominal infection | 24 (4) | 11 (46) | 5 (21) | 3/23 (13) |
| Septic arthritis | 59 (9) | 22 (37) | 7 (12) | 2/54 (4)g |
| Osteomyelitis | 22 (3) | 13 (59) | 0 (0) | 0/22 (0) |
| Other clinical presentatione | 48 (7) | 30 (63) | 10 (21) | 5/45 (11) |
The total number does not add up to 664, as certain patients presented with more than one clinical presentation; percentages are given with respect to the 664 cases.
Percentages are of cases presenting with the clinical presentation.
Outcomes were available for a total of 646 cases. The total number of cases does not add up to 646, as certain patients presented with more than one clinical presentation.
Cases presenting a pleuropulmonary infection (n = 71) included 48 cases presenting with pneumonia, 12 cases presenting with a primary pleural infection, and 11 cases presenting with pneumonia and pleural infection.
Other clinical presentations included 48 patients presenting 51 clinical presentations: meningitis (n = 7), salpingitis/endometritis (n = 14), endocarditis (n = 7), other upper respiratory tract infection (n = 10), brain abscess (n = 3), renal abscess/pyelonephritis (n = 4), vascular catheter infection (n = 2), urinary catheter infection (n = 2), hip prosthesis infection (n = 1), and bacteremia from digestive tract infection (n = 1).
P < 0.05 for a positive association between the presence of the specific clinical presentation and death (Fisher exact test for binary data).
P < 0.05 for a negative association between the presence of the specific clinical presentation and death (Fisher exact test for binary data).