TABLE 1.

Volume fraction of main constituents of biological tissues from Goss et al., 1980a, Cowin and Cardoso 2011 and Turner at al., (1999).

Tissue	% total protein	% collagen	% lipid	% water
Blood vessel	24(23–27)	5.7(5–6.5)	1.8(1.5–1.9)	70
Brain	10(8–12)	0.16(0.05–0.28)	11(9–17)	77.4(76–78)
Breast	20		3	50–75
Cartilage	21(18–24)	15.5(14–17)	1.3	72(55–85)
Eye, lens Eye, aqueous	35.5 0.013(0.011–0.016)	0.01–0.05	1.7–2.3	68 99
Adipose Fat	5	-	80	15(10.0–21)
Heart	16.5(14–19)	1.7(1.4–2.0)	2.6(2.7–17)	72(63–83)
Kidney	17(14.7–19.3)	0.865(0.43–1.3)	5(1.8–7.2)	76(71–81)
Liver	18(16–22)	0.4(0.1–0.7)	6.9(1.1–11.5)	71(63.6–73.9)
Muscle	17.2(13–20)	0.6(0.4–0.8)	2.2(2.2–9.4)	79(68.9–80.3)
Skin	33(32–34)	30	0.3–19	62(53.7–72.5)
Spleen	19.5(18.8–20.2)	0.6	1.6(0.85–3)	77(72–79)
Tendon	37.5(35–40)	32	1	63
Testis	12		3	81
Tongue	16–18		15–24	60–72
Uterus	20	17	1.4(0.9–2.2)	79
Bone, cortical	1–3% of tissue matrix	30% Col & 65–70% mineral	-	(5–15)
Bone, trabecular	1–3% of tissue matrix	30% Col & 65–70% mineral	-	(60–95)
Tooth, dentin	2.5% of tissue matrix	25.5% Col & 48% mineral	-	24
Tooth, enamel	0.1% of tissue matrix	1% Col & 95% mineral	-	4