Table 2.
Comparison of Minimal Risk Level (MRL) simulated blood concentration of each solvent, assuming simultaneous inhalation (24 h/day) and oral ingestion (4 drinking bouts per day) to the measured blood concentration of solvent reported by National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003–2004. The simulated solvent exposure is set to the MRL for inhalation of the solvent in air and ingestion of the solvent in water.
| BEN+ | CCl4+ | DCM+ | PCE+ | TCE+ | VC+ | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MRL* | 0.003/0.0005 | 0.03/0.007 | 0.6/0.2 | 0.3/0.06 | 0.2/0.05 | 2/0.2 | none |
| Exposure Duration | Chronic | Intermediate | Acute | Chronic | Acute | Acute | ---- |
| PBPK MODEL | Blood Concentration (ng/mL) | ||||||
| Predicted Peak | 0.04 | 0.40 | 18.12 | 6.70 | 10.76 | 111.65 | ---- |
| NHANES** | Blood Concentration (ng/mL) | ||||||
| 0.260 (0.210–0.320) | <LOD | <LOD | 0.140 (0.091–0.300) | <LOD | ND ** | ||
| Limit of Detection (LOD) | 0.024 | 0.005 | 0.07 | 0.048 | 0.012 | ND | |
Ben+, benzene; CCl4 +, carbon tetrachloride; DCM+, dichloromethane; PCE+, perchloroethylene; TCE+, trichloroethylene; VC+, vinyl chloride;
*
Inhalation concentration (ppm)/Oral ingestion rate (mg/kg-day);
**
NHANES 2003–2004. 95th percentiles of blood concentration (in ng/mL) for US population, ND = Not Done.