Table 2.

Multinomial logistical models of association between depression and subsequent body mass index category in the Nurses’ Health Study.^a

Outcome (body mass index category)	Depression Status		Depression category
	No depression	With depression	Only diagnosed depression	Only antidepressant medication	Diagnosed depression and antidepressant medication
No. of participants	54059	11896	1609	4340	5947
Overweight
Age-adjusted model	1.00	1.19 (1.13–1.24)	1.07 (0.96–1.20)	1.17 (1.09–1.26)	1.24 (1.16–1.32)
Multivariate model 1b	1.00	1.15 (1.09–1.21)	1.05 (0.94–1.18)	1.13 (1.05–1.21)	1.20 (1.12–1.28)
Multivariate model 2c	1.00	1.09 (1.03–1.14)	1.03 (0.91–1.15)	1.06 (0.98–1.14)	1.14 (1.07–1.22)
Multivariate model 3d	1.00	1.09 (1.02–1.18)	1.22 (1.03–1.45)	0.99 (0.88–1.10)	1.14 (1.03–1.26)
Obesity
Age-adjusted model	1.00	1.82 (1.73–1.92)	1.21 (1.07–1.38)	1.74 (1.61–1.89)	2.08 (1.95–2.23)
Multivariate model 1b	1.00	1.63 (1.54–1.72)	1.13 (0.98–1.29)	1.57 (1.44–1.70)	1.84 (1.71–1.97)
Multivariate model 2c	1.00	1.44 (1.36–1.53)	1.08 (0.94–1.24)	1.37 (1.25–1.49)	1.67 (1.55–1.80)
Multivariate model 3d	1.00	1.38 (1.24–1.53)	1.21 (0.94–1.57)	1.15 (0.99–1.35)	1.61 (1.40–1.85)

^aDepression was defined as currently reporting or having a history of physician-diagnosed depression and/or antidepressant medication use as of 2000. Overweight was defined as a body mass index of 25.0 to 29.9 kg/m², and obesity was defined as a body mass index of 30.0 kg/m² or greater. The outcome was assessed in 2002–2006.

^bModel 1: adjusted for age, ethnicity, marital status, living status, physical activity level, smoking status, alcohol consumption, menopausal status, postmenopausal hormone therapy, and quintiles of total energy intake and Western dietary score.

^cModel 2: model 1 plus a history of comorbidities (diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, cardiovascular disease, and cancer).

^dModel 3: model 2 plus baseline body mass index category (normal weight, overweight, or obesity).