Table 3.

T-test for beta differences by race for liver attenuation¹ (in HU)

	African Americans; N=505, number of families=204			Caucasians; N=2214, number of families=503			T-test for Beta difference by race
	Beta	SE	p	Beta	SE	p	Beta Difference	dfBD3	SE	p
Sex (Male)	−0.13	0.98		0.68	0.56
Age (yrs)	0.05	0.04		0.07	0.02	**	−0.02	2008	0.022	0.3
Alcohol (grams/wk)	−0.01	0.01	*	−0.02	0.003	**	0.004	2008	0.004	0.4
Body Mass Index (kg/m2)	0.01	0.13		−0.37	0.08	**	0.38	2008	0.09	**
Abdominal visceral adipose (cm3)	−0.03	0.01	*	−0.02	0.004	**	−0.01	2008	0.005	0.1
Abdominal subcutaneous adipose (cm3)	−0.005	0.005		0.005	0.003
Triglycerides (mg/dl)	−0.003	0.005		−0.02	0.002	**	0.01	2008	0.003	**
HDL-Cholesterol (mg/dl)	0.03	0.03		−0.03	0.02	†	0.06	2008	0.02	*
HOMA-IR2	−0.62	0.11	**	−0.80	0.07	**	0.18	2008	0.08	†

¹Adjusted for phantom and center. A standardized phantom contains material that simulates water (expected HU=0) as well as increasing densities of calcium (50, 100 and 200 mg of calcium). These concurrent phantom measures at water density were used to adjust and standardize the liver attenuation measurements.

²HOMA-IR (homeostasis model of insulin resistance)= (fasting serum glucose [mg/L]* fasting serum insulin [mU/L]/405)

³df_BD (degrees of freedom for beta difference)= (N − number of families − 2)

^**p<0.0001,

^*p<0.01,

^†p<0.05