Modulation of HYP-induced ET-1 mRNA and protein levels by inhibitors of HIF-1α or NF-κB in HPAECs. HPAECs were pretreated with DMSO, with the HIF-1α inhibitor chetomin (CTM, 25 nM), or with the NF-κB inhibitor caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE, 20 μM) for 3 h. HPAECs were then exposed to NOR (21% O2) or HYP (1% O2) for 72 h in the presence of absence of CTM or CAPE. During the final 24 h of exposure, selected HPAEC were treated with RSG (10 μM). In A, each bar represents the mean ± SE ET-1 mRNA level relative to 9S and expressed relative to control. P < 0.05 vs. NOR (*) and vs. HYP (+); n = 3. In B, representative Western blots for ET-1 and CDK4 are presented. In C, average ET-1 densitometric values ± SE are presented. P < 0.05 vs. NOR (*) and vs. HYP (+); n = 3.