Table 4.

Contractile kinetics of the myocytes (cardiomyocyte shortening; Ca²⁺ transients and positive/negative time derivatives, and I_CaL duration)

	Control	AC	EX	EXAC
ASM, %	11.5 ± 1.26	20.6 ± 2.12*	14.5 ± 1.34*	12.8 ± 0.92
Ca2+T, 340/380	0.30 ± 0.02	0.35 ± 0.03*	0.41 ± 0.03*	0.37 ± 0.01*
+dCa2+T·dt−1·PA−1	0.40 ± 0.025	0.272 ± 0.010*	0.327 ± 0.037	0.27 ± 0.014*
−dCa2+T·dt−1·PA−1	0.24 ± 0.015	0.19 ± 0.009	0.20 ± 0.024	0.17 ± 0.009*
ICaL integral, AUC	2.010 ± 0.170	1.433 ± 0.55*	2.146 ± 0.127	1.541 ± 0.127*

Values are mean ± SE. n = 5-6 rats (5-6 cells/rat). ASM, amplitude systolic motion; Ca²⁺T, Ca²⁺ transients; PA, peak Ca amplitude; I_CaL, L-type calcium current; AUC, area under the curve.

^*Significant difference from controls.