Table 3.

Time course of myocardial function during visit 3

	Baseline	1 min	2 min	3 min	4 min	5 min
Systolic myocardial velocity, cm/s
Grip protocol	8.5 ± 0.4				8.3 ± 0.3	8.3 ± 0.2
Cold + grip protocol	8.9 ± 0.3	8.8 ± 0.3	9.1 ± 0.3	8.7 ± 0.2	8.7 ± 0.2†	8.5 ± 0.2
Early diastolic myocardial velocity, cm/s
Grip protocol	13.7 ± 0.4				13.3 ± 0.4	12.1 ± 0.5*
Cold + grip protocol	13.5 ± 0.4	14.7 ± 0.5	14.3 ± 0.6	14.2 ± 0.5	14.0 ± 0.5	13.5 ± 0.5†
Late diastolic myocardial velocity, cm/s
Grip protocol	7.1 ± 0.4				8.4 ± 0.5*	8.9 ± 0.7*
Cold + grip protocol	7.4 ± 0.3	7.5 ± 0.4	7.8 ± 0.3	7.8 ± 0.3	8.4 ± 0.5*	9.2 ± 0.6*

Values are means ± SE; n = 9 subjects. Tissue Doppler parameters during the grip and cold + grip protocols are shown.

^*Significantly different from baseline;

^†significantly different from the grip protocol. Note the grip protocol was 2 min in duration but is displayed at 4 and 5 min to more easily compare with the cold + grip protocol.