Effect of receptor disaccharide valence on the binding of SadP adhesin. A, binding of europium-labeled nanoparticles coated with SadP fusion protein was tested in a solid phase inhibition assay. The binding was recorded using europium fluorescence (RLU) and using pigeon ovomucoid as a target. Lactose, Galβ1–4Glc, was used as a negative control. B, the inhibitors used were as follows: compound 1, Galα1–4Gal derivatized with methoxyphenyl group at the C1 position and with methoxymethylation at the O2′ position; compound 2, amide derivative of Galα1–4Gal with 2-carboxybenzamido at the C3′ position; compound 3, divalent Galα1–4Gal dendrimer (22, 44). Error bars, S.E.