FIGURE 7.

AP-1 binding to the MMP-9 promoter. A, CD11c+ DCs were treated with 10⁻⁶ m PGE2 for 1 h. Nuclear extracts were subjected to EMSA analysis with DNA probes containing the AP-1 consensus motifs. B and C, DCs were pretreated with U0126 10 μm or JNK inhibitor II 10 μm for 30 min followed by PGE2 10⁻⁷ m for 1 h. Cells were fixed, sonicated, and subjected to ChIP analysis using antibodies to c-Fos (B), c-Jun (C), or GST as a negative control. Precipitated DNA was isolated and evaluated by real-time PCR using the primers mentioned under “Materials and Methods.” #, p < 0.05 compared with PGE2. Data are representative of two independent experiments in A and C and three experiments in B. D, model for the signaling pathways that mediate PGE2 induction of MMP-9 in DCs. MED, medium only.