Table 2.
Treatment effect on depressive symptoms, unadjusted and adjusted for other covariates
| CES-D Scores | Control | Treatment | Adjusteda |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Continuous (range) | mean (SD) | mean (SD) | Effect (β)b | (95% CI)d |
| Full depression scale (0–60) | 18.7 (10.2) | 16.9 (9.8) | −1.71 | (−2.46 to −0.96)*** |
| Depression subscales | ||||
| Depressed affect/mood (0–15) | 4.7 (4.0) | 4.1 (3.7) | −0.59 | (−0.87 to −0.31)*** |
| Lack of positive affect (0–12) | 4.8 (2.9) | 4.7 (3.0) | −0.10 | (−0.32 to 0.12) |
| Somatic symptoms (0–15) | 4.7 (3.2) | 4.0 (3.0) | −0.59 | (−0.84 to −0.34)*** |
| Interpersonal relations (0–6) | 1.4 (1.6) | 1.3 (1.6) | −0.17 | (−0.28 to −0.06)** |
| Dichotomous with cut-off | n (%) | n (%) | RRc | |
| Depression score ≥ 26 | 347 (26.8) | 987 (19.5) | 0.74 | (0.67 to 0.83)*** |
| Depression score ≥ 16 | 740 (57.2) | 2552 (50.5) | 0.90 | (0.84 to 0.95)*** |
aAdjusted for the following covariates: maternal age, education and head of household status and household ethnicity, crowding, dependency ratio, wealth index, head of household occupation indices and state.
bAdjusted average treatment effect sizes are OLS regression coefficients (β) for the continuous scores.
cAdjusted relative risk estimates are Poisson regression coefficients for a dichotomous outcome based on a cut-off score.
dStandard errors for the estimates were adjusted for clustering at the community level.
*P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001.